LS10 systematic-correction recommendations

See also

Results: systematic weights — full σ̂ and LRT tables for all nine samples and four resolutions.

Decision framework

Method choice — MCMC-comb (WEIGHT_COMB) for all samples.

The Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) rejects the additive-only null hypothesis at all four map resolutions (NSIDE 32–256) and all nine stellar-mass thresholds, with \(p < 10^{-9}\) in every case. This confirms a statistically significant multiplicative component on top of the additive systematic. MCMC-comb (stored as WEIGHT_COMB = WEIGHT_SYS in the FITS files) is the only method that models both components jointly. The other methods are ranked as follows:

  • OLS, ISD-1, MCMC-add: nearly identical σ̂ values, miss the multiplicative term.

  • ElasticNet: equivalent to OLS when cross-validation selects zero amplitudes (some samples).

  • ISD-3: numerically unstable — σ̂ ≫ 1 at NSIDE 32 and poor at all other resolutions. Never use ISD-3 for science.

Resolution choice — NSIDE 64 for all samples (primary).

The selection criterion is the minimum \(\hat{\sigma}_{\rm comb}\) among valid NSIDEs (σ < 1, NSIDE ≥ 64). Three additional constraints apply:

  1. NSIDE 32 is excluded — its pixel scale (~108’) exceeds the maximum angular bin in the w(θ) data (54’), producing zero measurable correction on the two-point function in the entire measured range.

  2. All 11 templates are at NSIDE 64 — analysing at finer resolutions upsamples the templates without adding systematic information.

  3. NSIDE 128/256 overfit for sparse samples (M* ≥ 9.0, ≥ 11.25, ≥ 11.5): σ̂_comb exceeds 1.0 and the corrected w(θ) shows unphysically large corrections (up to 34%).

σ̂_comb is minimised at NSIDE 64 for all nine samples among resolutions where w(θ) correction is non-zero. NSIDE 128 is a viable secondary option for the five densest samples (M* 9.5–11.25, σ̂_comb < 1), extending the correction scale to ~20’.

σ̂_comb goodness-of-fit across resolutions

\(\hat{\sigma}_{\rm comb} < 1\) indicates the model fits within the Poisson expectation. Values ≥ 1 (marked ✗) signal overfitting — the correction is absorbing noise rather than real systematics.

Sample (log M*)

N_gal

NSIDE 32

NSIDE 64

NSIDE 128

NSIDE 256

Recommended

≥ 9.0

523,486

0.674

0.751

1.029 ✗

1.601 ✗

N64

≥ 9.5

1,432,502

0.606

0.554

0.741

1.052 ✗

N64

≥ 10.0

2,759,238

0.422

0.382

0.534

0.786

N64

≥ 10.25

3,308,841

0.390

0.334

0.474

0.696

N64

≥ 10.5

3,263,228

0.373

0.310

0.451

0.659

N64

≥ 10.75

2,802,710

0.398

0.301

0.430

0.630

N64

≥ 11.0

1,619,838

0.393

0.305

0.472

0.726

N64

≥ 11.25

541,855

0.406

0.393

0.633

1.212 ✗

N64

≥ 11.5

120,882

0.586

0.710

1.430 ✗

2.021 ✗

N64

Systematic uncertainty budget

The table below quantifies the systematic correction applied and the residual method uncertainty at the recommended NSIDE 64 + MCMC-comb.

  • Max |δw/w|_comb at 42–54’ — the largest fractional correction applied to w(θ) by the MCMC-comb weights relative to the uncorrected measurement. Observed only at the outermost bins because the NSIDE 64 pixel scale (~54’) sets the lower angular limit of the weight-induced clustering modulation.

  • Method uncertainty >20’ — the standard deviation of the corrected w(θ) over the four well-behaved methods {OLS, ISD-1, MCMC-add, MCMC-comb}, expressed as a fraction of w_comb. This is the irreducible systematic floor from the choice of correction algorithm.

  • Below ~40 arcmin at NSIDE 64, no measurable correction is applied in the wtheta data range. The large-scale systematic bias (e.g. −7.2% at 30’ for M* ≥ 9.0) operates primarily at degree scales where the template coherence length matches and the weights are most effective.

Sample (log M*)

N_gal

Recommended NSIDE

Max |δw/w|comb at 42–54’

θ of first correction

Method uncertainty >20’

Regime

≥ 9.0

523,486

64

8.75%

49–54’

1.64%

Strongly contaminated

≥ 9.5

1,432,502

64

6.82%

49–54’

0.80%

Strongly contaminated

≥ 10.0

2,759,238

64

3.40%

49–54’

0.12%

Weakly contaminated

≥ 10.25

3,308,841

64

5.09%

49–54’

0.07%

Low contamination

≥ 10.5

3,263,228

64

8.10%

49–54’

0.14%

Low contamination

≥ 10.75

2,802,710

64

12.98%

49–54’

0.11%

Low contamination

≥ 11.0

1,619,838

64

19.52%

49–54’

0.15%

Weakly contaminated

≥ 11.25

541,855

64

18.93%

49–54’

0.24%

Moderately contaminated

≥ 11.5

120,882

64

29.29%

49–54’

0.29%

Weakly contaminated

Per-sample angular correction profiles

The following tables show, for each sample at the recommended NSIDE 64, the observed w(θ), the MCMC-comb corrected w(θ), the fractional correction applied, and the method-to-method spread as a proxy for the systematic floor. All corrections are expressed as percentages of w_obs.

M* ≥ 9.0 (z < 0.08, N = 523,486)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ -7.2% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 8.4% at 23’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.751). No finer valid NSIDE available (σ̂ ≥ 1 at NSIDE 128+).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

3.71714

3.71714

+0.00

0.00

0.69

3.41581

3.41581

+0.00

0.00

0.86

3.06270

3.06270

+0.00

0.00

1.06

2.70489

2.70489

+0.00

0.00

1.31

2.39533

2.39533

+0.00

0.00

1.63

2.21736

2.21736

+0.00

0.00

2.01

1.95239

1.95239

+0.00

0.00

2.49

1.74937

1.74937

+0.00

0.00

3.08

1.55497

1.55497

+0.00

0.00

3.82

1.39614

1.39614

+0.00

0.00

4.72

1.23611

1.23611

+0.00

0.00

5.85

1.08708

1.08708

+0.00

0.00

7.23

0.94986

0.94986

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.81964

0.81964

+0.00

0.00

11.08

0.69699

0.69699

+0.00

0.00

13.72

0.58956

0.58956

+0.00

0.00

16.99

0.49512

0.49512

+0.00

0.00

21.03

0.40304

0.40304

+0.00

0.00

26.03

0.32596

0.32596

+0.00

0.00

32.22

0.27140

0.27140

+0.00

0.00

39.89

0.22417

0.22417

+0.00

0.00

49.38

0.18634

0.17003

+8.75

1.64

61.12

0.15643

0.14727

+5.85

1.11

75.66

0.13447

0.12775

+5.00

0.95

93.64

0.11412

0.10478

+8.18

1.16

115.92

0.09485

0.08971

+5.42

0.84

143.50

0.08309

0.07744

+6.80

0.86

177.62

0.06393

0.05976

+6.52

0.78

219.84

0.05130

0.04763

+7.16

0.73

272.13

0.04051

0.03717

+8.24

0.70

M* ≥ 9.5 (z < 0.12, N = 1,432,502)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ -4.8% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 4.9% at 15’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.554). NSIDE 128 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.741).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

3.02828

3.02828

+0.00

0.00

0.69

2.68379

2.68379

+0.00

0.00

0.86

2.34430

2.34430

+0.00

0.00

1.06

2.12172

2.12172

+0.00

0.00

1.31

1.85966

1.85966

+0.00

0.00

1.63

1.64785

1.64785

+0.00

0.00

2.01

1.46712

1.46712

+0.00

0.00

2.49

1.29353

1.29353

+0.00

0.00

3.08

1.13963

1.13963

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.99403

0.99403

+0.00

0.00

4.72

0.86649

0.86649

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.74101

0.74101

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.63716

0.63716

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.53442

0.53442

+0.00

0.00

11.09

0.44365

0.44365

+0.00

0.00

13.73

0.36584

0.36584

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.30018

0.30018

+0.00

0.00

21.04

0.24555

0.24555

+0.00

0.00

26.04

0.20359

0.20359

+0.00

0.00

32.24

0.17215

0.17215

+0.00

0.00

39.91

0.14930

0.14930

+0.00

0.00

49.40

0.12794

0.11999

+6.21

0.80

61.14

0.10998

0.10521

+4.33

0.54

75.68

0.09423

0.09068

+3.77

0.44

93.67

0.07730

0.07227

+6.51

0.61

115.95

0.06843

0.06557

+4.18

0.40

143.53

0.05427

0.05115

+5.74

0.44

177.64

0.04707

0.04464

+5.17

0.38

219.89

0.03238

0.03025

+6.59

0.38

272.18

0.02931

0.02731

+6.82

0.36

M* ≥ 10.0 (z < 0.18, N = 2,759,238)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ -0.4% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 2.0% at 120’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.382). NSIDE 256 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.786).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

2.32873

2.32873

+0.00

0.00

0.69

2.02841

2.02841

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.76627

1.76627

+0.00

0.00

1.06

1.54218

1.54218

+0.00

0.00

1.31

1.33191

1.33191

+0.00

0.00

1.63

1.15594

1.15594

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.99820

0.99820

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.85471

0.85471

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.72759

0.72759

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.61737

0.61737

+0.00

0.00

4.72

0.51672

0.51672

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.43088

0.43088

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.35531

0.35531

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.29081

0.29081

+0.00

0.00

11.09

0.23767

0.23767

+0.00

0.00

13.73

0.19574

0.19574

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.16276

0.16276

+0.00

0.00

21.05

0.13598

0.13598

+0.00

0.00

26.05

0.11506

0.11506

+0.00

0.00

32.24

0.09877

0.09877

+0.00

0.00

39.91

0.08372

0.08372

+0.00

0.00

49.41

0.07394

0.07271

+1.67

0.12

61.15

0.05939

0.05854

+1.42

0.10

75.69

0.05103

0.05035

+1.33

0.08

93.70

0.04113

0.04029

+2.06

0.09

115.97

0.03283

0.03229

+1.67

0.07

143.55

0.02782

0.02724

+2.06

0.07

177.67

0.02007

0.01959

+2.38

0.07

219.92

0.01382

0.01339

+3.11

0.09

272.23

0.01186

0.01146

+3.40

0.10

M* ≥ 10.25 (z < 0.22, N = 3,308,841)

External two-point measurement: not available for this sample.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.334). NSIDE 256 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.696).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

2.04201

2.04201

+0.00

0.00

0.69

1.74577

1.74577

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.50298

1.50298

+0.00

0.00

1.06

1.28995

1.28995

+0.00

0.00

1.31

1.10343

1.10343

+0.00

0.00

1.63

0.93653

0.93653

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.79371

0.79371

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.67131

0.67131

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.55949

0.55949

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.46909

0.46909

+0.00

0.00

4.73

0.38466

0.38466

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.31790

0.31790

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.25879

0.25879

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.21090

0.21090

+0.00

0.00

11.10

0.17245

0.17245

+0.00

0.00

13.74

0.14305

0.14305

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.12102

0.12102

+0.00

0.00

21.05

0.10244

0.10244

+0.00

0.00

26.05

0.08609

0.08609

+0.00

0.00

32.25

0.07519

0.07519

+0.00

0.00

39.92

0.06292

0.06292

+0.00

0.00

49.41

0.05613

0.05524

+1.60

0.07

61.16

0.04478

0.04414

+1.42

0.06

75.70

0.03708

0.03654

+1.47

0.05

93.70

0.03161

0.03097

+2.04

0.05

115.98

0.02248

0.02202

+2.03

0.04

143.55

0.02054

0.02006

+2.33

0.04

177.68

0.01295

0.01253

+3.20

0.03

219.94

0.00851

0.00812

+4.54

0.03

272.24

0.00724

0.00687

+5.09

0.04

M* ≥ 10.5 (z < 0.26, N = 3,263,228)

External two-point measurement: not available for this sample.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.310). NSIDE 256 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.659).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

1.83274

1.83274

+0.00

0.00

0.69

1.54648

1.54648

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.29930

1.29930

+0.00

0.00

1.06

1.10542

1.10542

+0.00

0.00

1.31

0.92508

0.92508

+0.00

0.00

1.63

0.77624

0.77624

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.64651

0.64651

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.53988

0.53988

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.44303

0.44303

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.36563

0.36563

+0.00

0.00

4.73

0.29859

0.29859

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.24366

0.24366

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.19921

0.19921

+0.00

0.00

8.97

0.16323

0.16323

+0.00

0.00

11.10

0.13584

0.13584

+0.00

0.00

13.74

0.11425

0.11425

+0.00

0.00

17.01

0.09842

0.09842

+0.00

0.00

21.05

0.08323

0.08323

+0.00

0.00

26.05

0.07059

0.07059

+0.00

0.00

32.25

0.06188

0.06188

+0.00

0.00

39.92

0.05086

0.05086

+0.00

0.00

49.41

0.04559

0.04464

+2.08

0.05

61.16

0.03581

0.03512

+1.94

0.04

75.70

0.02985

0.02923

+2.08

0.05

93.70

0.02554

0.02483

+2.78

0.04

115.98

0.01760

0.01706

+3.08

0.06

143.55

0.01645

0.01589

+3.42

0.05

177.69

0.00970

0.00920

+5.17

0.09

219.95

0.00661

0.00614

+7.21

0.12

272.25

0.00566

0.00520

+8.10

0.14

M* ≥ 10.75 (z < 0.31, N = 2,802,710)

External two-point measurement: not available for this sample.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.301). NSIDE 256 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.630).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

1.67913

1.67913

+0.00

0.00

0.69

1.39828

1.39828

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.15311

1.15311

+0.00

0.00

1.06

0.96659

0.96659

+0.00

0.00

1.31

0.78652

0.78652

+0.00

0.00

1.63

0.64253

0.64253

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.53047

0.53047

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.43243

0.43243

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.34959

0.34959

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.28335

0.28335

+0.00

0.00

4.73

0.23140

0.23140

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.18662

0.18662

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.15564

0.15564

+0.00

0.00

8.97

0.12849

0.12849

+0.00

0.00

11.10

0.10935

0.10935

+0.00

0.00

13.74

0.09324

0.09324

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.08058

0.08058

+0.00

0.00

21.05

0.06795

0.06795

+0.00

0.00

26.05

0.05777

0.05777

+0.00

0.00

32.25

0.04913

0.04913

+0.00

0.00

39.92

0.04046

0.04046

+0.00

0.00

49.41

0.03593

0.03471

+3.37

0.09

61.16

0.02669

0.02587

+3.07

0.11

75.70

0.02368

0.02296

+3.04

0.11

93.71

0.01827

0.01741

+4.70

0.09

115.98

0.01312

0.01250

+4.74

0.10

143.56

0.01200

0.01133

+5.52

0.09

177.70

0.00658

0.00601

+8.64

0.09

219.95

0.00423

0.00369

+12.78

0.09

272.26

0.00403

0.00350

+12.98

0.09

M* ≥ 11.0 (z < 0.35, N = 1,619,838)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ -0.1% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 11.5% at 181’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.305). NSIDE 256 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.726).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

1.95256

1.95256

+0.00

0.00

0.69

1.59664

1.59664

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.32136

1.32136

+0.00

0.00

1.06

1.07241

1.07241

+0.00

0.00

1.31

0.85831

0.85831

+0.00

0.00

1.63

0.68550

0.68550

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.55324

0.55324

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.43709

0.43709

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.34639

0.34639

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.27836

0.27836

+0.00

0.00

4.73

0.22881

0.22881

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.18603

0.18603

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.15573

0.15573

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.13200

0.13200

+0.00

0.00

11.10

0.11279

0.11279

+0.00

0.00

13.74

0.09547

0.09547

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.08340

0.08340

+0.00

0.00

21.05

0.07102

0.07102

+0.00

0.00

26.05

0.06002

0.06002

+0.00

0.00

32.24

0.05002

0.05002

+0.00

0.00

39.91

0.04213

0.04213

+0.00

0.00

49.40

0.03462

0.03324

+3.99

0.05

61.15

0.02839

0.02753

+3.03

0.05

75.70

0.02487

0.02413

+2.96

0.05

93.69

0.01556

0.01460

+6.19

0.05

115.96

0.01629

0.01563

+4.05

0.04

143.55

0.00966

0.00894

+7.50

0.05

177.68

0.00802

0.00740

+7.67

0.06

219.94

0.00301

0.00242

+19.52

0.15

272.24

0.00431

0.00374

+13.30

0.09

M* ≥ 11.25 (z < 0.35, N = 541,855)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ +2.2% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 17.4% at 181’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.393). NSIDE 128 is a valid secondary option (σ̂=0.633).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

2.88285

2.88285

+0.00

0.00

0.69

2.46602

2.46602

+0.00

0.00

0.86

1.95053

1.95053

+0.00

0.00

1.06

1.53776

1.53776

+0.00

0.00

1.31

1.25039

1.25039

+0.00

0.00

1.62

0.97024

0.97024

+0.00

0.00

2.01

0.80113

0.80113

+0.00

0.00

2.49

0.59543

0.59543

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.46615

0.46615

+0.00

0.00

3.82

0.36119

0.36119

+0.00

0.00

4.72

0.29551

0.29551

+0.00

0.00

5.85

0.24319

0.24319

+0.00

0.00

7.24

0.19466

0.19466

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.17246

0.17246

+0.00

0.00

11.09

0.14584

0.14584

+0.00

0.00

13.73

0.12429

0.12429

+0.00

0.00

17.00

0.10843

0.10843

+0.00

0.00

21.04

0.09061

0.09061

+0.00

0.00

26.04

0.07547

0.07547

+0.00

0.00

32.24

0.06300

0.06300

+0.00

0.00

39.90

0.05287

0.05287

+0.00

0.00

49.39

0.04264

0.04085

+4.19

0.09

61.13

0.03611

0.03510

+2.81

0.08

75.67

0.02624

0.02543

+3.07

0.07

93.67

0.02222

0.02104

+5.31

0.08

115.94

0.01504

0.01433

+4.74

0.07

143.51

0.01258

0.01176

+6.53

0.08

177.66

0.00800

0.00734

+8.25

0.09

219.89

0.00332

0.00269

+18.93

0.24

272.19

0.00490

0.00428

+12.55

0.14

M* ≥ 11.5 (z < 0.35, N = 120,882)

External two-point measurement: δw/w ≈ +0.7% at 30’, max |δw/w| = 9.7% at 97’.

Recommended: WEIGHT_COMB from NSIDE 64 analysis (σ̂_comb = 0.710). No finer valid NSIDE available (σ̂ ≥ 1 at NSIDE 128+).

θ (arcmin)

w_obs

w_comb (MCMC-comb)

δw/w (%)

Method spread (%)

0.56

5.94974

5.94974

+0.00

0.00

0.69

4.79663

4.79663

+0.00

0.00

0.86

3.38167

3.38167

+0.00

0.00

1.06

2.83741

2.83741

+0.00

0.00

1.32

2.09777

2.09777

+0.00

0.00

1.62

1.51437

1.51437

+0.00

0.00

2.01

1.41378

1.41378

+0.00

0.00

2.48

1.01514

1.01514

+0.00

0.00

3.08

0.73878

0.73878

+0.00

0.00

3.81

0.58870

0.58870

+0.00

0.00

4.71

0.49227

0.49227

+0.00

0.00

5.84

0.38506

0.38506

+0.00

0.00

7.23

0.33236

0.33236

+0.00

0.00

8.96

0.25731

0.25731

+0.00

0.00

11.09

0.22303

0.22303

+0.00

0.00

13.73

0.18840

0.18840

+0.00

0.00

16.98

0.16781

0.16781

+0.00

0.00

21.03

0.13840

0.13840

+0.00

0.00

26.03

0.12239

0.12239

+0.00

0.00

32.23

0.08921

0.08921

+0.00

0.00

39.88

0.07715

0.07715

+0.00

0.00

49.38

0.06260

0.05872

+6.19

0.20

61.12

0.05113

0.04871

+4.73

0.28

75.64

0.03836

0.03642

+5.06

0.29

93.63

0.02901

0.02644

+8.86

0.21

115.88

0.02264

0.02096

+7.44

0.27

143.47

0.01488

0.01306

+12.27

0.23

177.60

0.01079

0.00928

+14.03

0.25

219.81

0.00557

0.00414

+25.70

0.24

272.11

0.00477

0.00337

+29.29

0.23

Caveats and limitations

  • Angular range: the wtheta_data.json files cover θ = 0.57–54 arcmin only. Systematic contamination at degree scales (θ > 1°) is not captured in these tables. The external δw/w measurements at 30–180’ (listed in the per-sample rows above) come from a separate analysis that covers a broader angular range.

  • Zero correction at θ < 40’ for NSIDE 64: the correction from NSIDE 64 weights is zero below ~40 arcmin in the measured range because the NSIDE 64 pixel scale (~54’) sets the minimum angular scale over which the weight field varies. This does not mean the systematic is zero at small scales — it means that sub-degree corrections require a finer weight map (NSIDE 128, see secondary option).

  • NSIDE 128 secondary option: for the five densest samples (M* 9.5–11.25), σ̂_comb < 1 at NSIDE 128, and corrections extend to θ ~ 20’. The method uncertainty remains below 0.8% in all cases. However, since all templates are at NSIDE 64, the NSIDE 128 weight field is derived from upsampled templates with no additional angular information.

  • ISD-3 must not be used: σ̂ >> 1 at NSIDE 32 for all samples; the corrected weights are numerically unstable. See Results: systematic weights for full ISD-3 σ̂ values.

  • FITS column names: the recommended weights are stored as WEIGHT_COMB (equivalent to WEIGHT_SYS) in the *_NSIDE0064_WEIGHTS.fits files.